索氏提取儀在實驗操作中需要謹慎了！
點擊次數：374 更新時間：2023-05-30
索氏提取儀由(you)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)瓶(ping)(ping)、提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)器(qi)三部(bu)分組成，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩側分別有虹吸管(guan)(guan)(guan)和連(lian)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)。各部(bu)分連(lian)接處要嚴密不能(neng)漏氣。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)時，將待(dai)測樣(yang)品包在脫脂(zhi)濾紙包內，放入(ru)(ru)(ru)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)內。提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)瓶(ping)(ping)內加入(ru)(ru)(ru)石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)醚(mi)，加熱提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)瓶(ping)(ping)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)醚(mi)氣化，由(you)連(lian)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)上升(sheng)進入(ru)(ru)(ru)冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)器(qi)，凝(ning)(ning)成液體滴入(ru)(ru)(ru)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)內，浸提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)樣(yang)品中(zhong)的脂(zhi)類物質(zhi)。待(dai)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)內石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)醚(mi)液面達(da)到(dao)一定高(gao)度(du)，溶(rong)有粗脂(zhi)肪的石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)醚(mi)經虹吸管(guan)(guan)(guan)流(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)瓶(ping)(ping)。流(liu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)瓶(ping)(ping)內的石(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)醚(mi)繼(ji)續被加熱氣化、上升(sheng)、冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)，滴入(ru)(ru)(ru)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)取(qu)(qu)(qu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)內，如此循環往復，直到(dao)抽提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)為止。決定索氏提(ti)取(qu)(qu)效率的(de)因素除了提(ti)取(qu)(qu)溶(rong)劑之外，還有(you)就(jiu)是(shi)提(ti)取(qu)(qu)溶(rong)劑的(de)回流次數(在(zai)某種程度(du)上可以說(shuo)是(shi)提(ti)取(qu)(qu)時間)，一般實驗室中(zhong)使用的(de)水浴(yu)鍋溫度(du)分布(bu)不(bu)是(shi)很均勻、提(ti)取(qu)(qu)用的(de)圓(yuan)底(di)燒瓶的(de)瓶壁厚(hou)薄不(bu)一均會造成的(de)回流速率的(de)差異；一般在(zai)實驗中(zhong)水浴(yu)的(de)溫度(du)不(bu)能過高以防止暴沸造成目標物的(de)損失(shi)；
在索氏提取中(zhong)，裝樣(yang)品一(yi)般(ban)都是用(yong)濾(lv)紙筒(tong)(tong)，不宜(yi)使用(yong)金(jin)屬的(de)篩筒(tong)(tong)(這(zhe)會造(zao)成部分(fen)目標物的(de)分(fen)解(jie)，如Fe可能會造(zao)成某些有機氯分(fen)解(jie))。此外(wai)，應注意(yi)濾(lv)紙筒(tong)(tong)在裝樣(yang)之后(hou)與提取器(qi)的(de)匹配(pei)，尤其須注意(yi)紙筒(tong)(tong)不能堵(du)塞虹吸回流管。
實驗中所(suo)使(shi)用的(de)索氏(shi)提(ti)取(qu)器(qi)不宜過大，否則溶劑蒸氣到達提(ti)取(qu)器(qi)之(zhi)前由(you)于環境空氣的(de)冷凝作用而減少(特別是冬天等環境溫(wen)度較低的(de)時候)，從而減緩了提(ti)取(qu)效(xiao)率(lv)，使(shi)得(de)提(ti)取(qu)耗時過長。
